fix: handle wildcard '*' in --context parameter

src/EFCore.Design/Design/Internal/DbContextOperations.cs

@@ -102,6 +102,11 @@ protected DbContextOperations(
     /// </summary>
     public virtual void DropDatabase(string? contextType, string? connectionString)
     {
+        if (contextType == "*")
+        {
+            throw new OperationException(DesignStrings.WildcardNotSupported);
+        }
+
         using var context = CreateContext(contextType);
 
         if (connectionString != null)
@@ -425,6 +430,11 @@ private IReadOnlyList<string> PrecompileQueries(
     /// </summary>
     public virtual ContextInfo GetContextInfo(string? contextType, string? connectionString = null)
     {
+        if (contextType == "*")
+        {
+            throw new OperationException(DesignStrings.WildcardNotSupported);
+        }
+
         using var context = CreateContext(contextType);
 
         if (connectionString != null)

src/EFCore.Design/Design/Internal/MigrationsOperations.cs

@@ -73,6 +73,11 @@ public virtual MigrationFiles AddMigration(
         string? @namespace,
         bool dryRun)
     {
+        if (contextType == "*")
+        {
+            throw new OperationException(DesignStrings.WildcardNotSupported);
+        }
+
         using var context = _contextOperations.CreateContext(contextType);
         var services = PrepareForMigration(name, context);
 
@@ -147,6 +152,11 @@ public virtual IEnumerable<MigrationInfo> GetMigrations(
         string? connectionString,
         bool noConnect)
     {
+        if (contextType == "*")
+        {
+            throw new OperationException(DesignStrings.WildcardNotSupported);
+        }
+
         using var context = _contextOperations.CreateContext(contextType);
 
         if (connectionString != null)
@@ -197,6 +207,11 @@ public virtual string ScriptMigration(
         MigrationsSqlGenerationOptions options,
         string? contextType)
     {
+        if (contextType == "*")
+        {
+            throw new OperationException(DesignStrings.WildcardNotSupported);
+        }
+
         using var context = _contextOperations.CreateContext(contextType);
         var services = _servicesBuilder.Build(context);
         EnsureServices(services);
@@ -217,9 +232,40 @@ public virtual void UpdateDatabase(
         string? connectionString,
         string? contextType)
     {
+        // Fix wildcard * issue #38254
+        if (contextType == "*")
+        {
+            var contexts = _contextOperations.CreateAllContexts();
+
+            if (!contexts.Any())
+            {
+                throw new OperationException(DesignStrings.NoContext(_assembly.GetName().Name));
+            }
+
+            foreach (var item in contexts)
+            {
+                using (item)
+                {
+                    if (connectionString is not null)
+                    {
+                        item.Database.SetConnectionString(connectionString);
+                    }
+
+                    var services = _servicesBuilder.Build(item);
+                    EnsureServices(services);
+
+                    var migrator = services.GetRequiredService<IMigrator>();
+                    migrator.Migrate(targetMigration);
+                }
+            }
+
+            _reporter.WriteInformation(DesignStrings.Done);
+            return;
+        }
+
         using (var context = _contextOperations.CreateContext(contextType))
         {
-            if (connectionString != null)
+            if (connectionString is not null)
             {
                 context.Database.SetConnectionString(connectionString);
             }
@@ -247,6 +293,11 @@ public virtual MigrationFiles RemoveMigration(
         bool dryRun,
         string? connectionString)
     {
+        if (contextType == "*")
+        {
+            throw new OperationException(DesignStrings.WildcardNotSupported);
+        }
+
         using var context = _contextOperations.CreateContext(contextType);
 
         if (connectionString != null)

src/EFCore.Design/Properties/DesignStrings.resx

@@ -512,4 +512,7 @@ Change your target project to the migrations project by using the Package Manage
   <data name="MigrationCreatedAndApplied" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>Migration '{migrationId}' was successfully created and applied.</value>
   </data>
+  <data name="WildcardNotSupported" xml:space="preserve">
+  <value>The wildcard '*' is not supported for this command.</value>
+  </data>
 </root>